RbÕ¼v^Æ
mswkÓ¡ gvgjv
evsjvG`k cwiGek AvBbRxex mwgwZi cÉwZÓ¤vi ci ˆ^GKB RbÕ¼v^Æ
mswkÏÓ¡ gvgjv `vGqGii welGq weGkl AbyGcÉiYv m†wÓ¡ nq| ‰B mwgwZi DG`ÅvM
MÉnGYi dGj nvBGKvUÆ wefvM 1994 mvGj XvKv wmwU KGcÆvGikb wbeÆvPGbi mgq
cwiGek `ƒlGYi wei‚G«¬ ivq cÉ`vb, ‰es miKvwi nvmcvZvGj KgÆiZ wPwKrmKG`i
agÆNGUi KviGY ˆivMxG`i AeYÆbxq `yGfÆvGMi mgq Dî× agÆNU wbwl«¬ ˆNvlYv
KGib| ‰Qvov mwgwZi DG`ÅvM MÉnGYi dGj 1996 mvGj nvBGKvUÆ wefvM
miKviGK weG`k ˆ^GK `ƒwlZ Lv`Å Avg`vwb cÉwZGivGai RbÅ eÅeÕ©v MÉnGYi wbG`Æk
ˆ`b| ‰me ˆÞGò wÕ©wZ-AwaKvGii (locus standi)
cÉk² DïvwcZ nq wb| 1993 mvGj nvBGKvUÆ wefvM ‰ gGgÆ AwfgZ ˆ`b ˆh, Avcxj
mƒGò Avcxj wefvM KZƆK 1996 mvj chƯ¦ wm«¬v¯¦ Õ©wMZ ivLvi RbÅ AemicÉvµ¦
miKvwi KgÆKZÆv mwgwZi m`mÅG`i cÞ ˆ^GK Dî× mwgwZi mfvcwZi ixU AvGe`b
`vwLGji wÕ©wZ-AwaKvi iGqGQ| cwiGek cÉwZiÞv, RbÕ¼vÕ©Å, `ƒlY cÉwZGiva,
AvZÄiÞvi AwaKvi cÉwZÓ¤v, ˆeZvi I ˆUwjwfkGbi Dci ivÓ¡Ëxq wbq¯¨Y cÉwZGivGai
RbÅ gZcÉKvGki Õ¼vaxbZv, wk÷ cvPvi cÉwZGiva, miKvwi PvKzwiGZ A®¬G`i ˆÞGò
ŠelgÅ cÉwZGiva, BZÅvw`i RbÅ cwiGek AvBbRxex mwgwZ KGqKwU RbÕ¼v^Æ mswkÏÓ¡
ˆgvKógv `vGqi KGi| ‰KRb bvMwiGKi AvGe`Gbi cwiGcwÞGZ nvBGKvUÆ wefvM AwaGekGb
ˆhvM`vb ˆ^GK weiZ ^vKv msm` m`mÅG`i AwaGekGb ˆhvM`vGbi wbG`Æk `vb KGib|
AvcxGji ci Dî× AvG`k Avcxj wefvM KZƆK Õ©wMZ ivLv nq|
1996
mvGj cwiGek AvBbRxex mwgwZi mÁ·v`K gwnDwób dvi‚GKi `vGqiK‡Z dÑvW AÅvKkb
µÏÅvb gvgjvq Avcxj wefvM KZ‡ÆK wÕ©wZ-AwaKvi cÉGk²i P„ov¯¦ wbÓ·wî Kiv
nq| ‰GZ ejv nq, ˆKvb wbweÆGkl AbÅvq, wbweÆGkl AwbÓ¡ A^ev Awbw`ÆÓ¡ msLÅK
ˆjvK ev ˆKvb bvMwiK ev ˆ`kxq msMVGbi ˆgŒwjK AwaKvi ÞzY³ nIqvi dGj m†Ó¡
cwiwÕ©wZGZ ÞwZMÉÕ¦ ˆh ˆKvb eÅwî×i wÕ©wZ-AwaKvi iGqGQ| ‰ wm«¬vG¯¦i cƒGeÆ
I cGi cwiGek AvBbRxex mwgwZ, AvBb I mvwjk ˆK±`Ê, evsjvG`k wjMÅvj ‰BW
mvwfÆGmm UÇvÕ¡, evsjvG`k bÅvkbvj DBGgb jBqÅvmÆ& AÅvGmvwmGqkb, evsjvG`k
bvix cÉMwZ msN, evsjvG`k RvZxq gwnjv AvBbRxex mwgwZ, gwnjv cwil` ‰es
eü Rb-AwaKvi mGPZb eÅwî× AwaKvi ewçZ RbGMvÓ¤xi `y`Ækv ˆgvPGbi RbÅ nvBGKvUÆ
wefvGM RbÕ¼v^Æ mswkÏÓ¡ gvgjv `vGqi KGiGQb| 1996 mvGj wÕ©wZ-AwaKvi D`vixKiGYi
ci wKQy wKQy RbÕ¼v^Æ mswkÏÓ¡ gvgjv 1997 mvGj nvBGKvUÆ wefvM KZƆK wbÓ·®²
Kiv nq| dÑvW AÅvKkb gvgjvq ebÅv cÉwZiÞv cÉK͸ evÕ¦evqbKvGj cwiGek I
evÕ§msÕ©vb cÉwZiÞvi eÅeÕ©v wbGZ ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ AvBGbi weavb cvjb KiGZ miKviGK
wbG`Æk ˆ`qv nq| 1999 mvGj nvBGKvUÆ wefvM ivRavbx D®²qb KZƆcÞGK Dîiv
gGWj UvDGb cvKÆ I AbÅvbÅ mvaviY myweavi RbÅ wbaÆvwiZ f„wgi cwigvY nËvm
KGi Zv AvevwmK ev evwYwRÅK µÏGUi A¯¦fÆyî×KiY ˆ^GK weiZ ^vKGZ wbG`Æk
ˆ`b| ‰i AvGM ‰K gvgjvq nvBGKvUÆ wefvM ˆNvlYv KGib ˆh, XvKv knGii àjkvb
AvevwmK ‰jvKvi evwm±`vG`i Õ¼vÕ©Å cÉwZiÞvi RbÅ Dî× ‰jvKvi cvKÆ Révjgyî×
ivLGZ nGe| ‰Qvov nvBGKvUÆ wefvM ˆRjLvbvq AvUK ‰KRb ew±`i WvívGewo AcmviGYi
wbG`Æk ˆ`b ‰es nvZKovq Ave«¬ ‰KRb gwnjvGK Z^vKw^Z wbivc` ˆndvRZ ˆ^GK
gyî× KGib| Av`vjGZi AvG`Gk XvKv knGi Mvwo cvKÆ Kivi RbÅ wbaÆvwiZ RvqMvq
evRvGii feb wbgÆvY, ˆjK fivUKiY ‰es ewÕ¦evmxG`i DGœQ`I Õ©wMZ Kiv nq|
wÕ©wZ-AwaKvi
D`vixKiGYi ˆcÉÞvcGU RbÕ¼v^Æ mswkÏÓ¡ gvgjv `vGqGii gvaÅGg wbcxwoZ I ewçZ
RbGMvÓ¤xi AeÕ©vi D®²qb ‰es `yGfÆvM ˆgvPGbi «¼viv msweavGb ewYÆZ ˆgŒwjK
AwaKvGii wbøqZv weavGbi welqwU ZvG`i RxeGb evÕ¦e KGi ˆZvjvi wecyj mÁ¿vebv
m†wÓ¡ nGqGQ| ZGe ˆmB mGã ‰gb AvkâvI iGqGQ ˆh, ˆKD ˆKD Rb-AwaKvi mGPZb
eÅwî×i Q«ÂcwiPGq Ab^ÆK AGbÅi welGq nÕ¦GÞGci DGóGkÅ Av`vjGZ hG^œQ gvgjv
`vGqGii cÉqvm wbGZ cvGi| nvBGKvUÆ wefvM ‰gwbGZB AmsLÅ gvgjvq AvKxYÆ
nGq AvGQ ‰es gvgjv wbÓ·wîGZ AGbK ˆÞGò eQGii ci eQi AwZò×v¯¦ nGq hvq|
AcÉGqvRbxq gvgjv `vGqGii dGj nvBGKvUÆ wefvM Ah^v AviI fviMÉÕ¦ nGq DVGZ
cvGi ‰es ‰i dGj gvgjvq RwoZ RbMGYi `yMÆwZ AviI e†w«¬ cvevi Avkâv iGqGQ|
gvgjvi cÉviGÁ¿B Av`vjZ weGklfvGe mZKÆ ^vKGj ‰es RbÕ¼v^Æ mswkÏÓ¡ gvgjvi
gvaÅGg cÉwZKvicÉv^Æx mKj AvGe`bKvixi m`yGókÅ mÁ·GKÆ wbwøZ nIqvi RbÅ
AvGe`Gbi h^v^ÆZv cixÞv KGi ˆ`LGj ‰ mâU cÉwZnZ Kiv ˆhGZ cvGi| [KvRx ‰ev`yj nK]