RjPi Õ¦bÅcvqx cÉvYx (Aquatic Mammal)  wZb aiGbi Õ¦bÅcvqx RjPi Rxeb hvcb KGi| ‰iv nGœQ gvsmvkx eGMÆi mxj I Iqvjivm, Sirenia eGMÆi WzMs I gÅvGbwU ‰es Cetacea eGMÆi wZwg I Wjwdb| ‰G`i gGaÅ cÉ^Ggvî× ˆMvÓ¤xi mxj I Iqvjivm ˆgi‚ I bvwZkxGZvú AçGji kxZj mgyG`Ëi evwm±`v nIqvq evsjvG`Gk ‰G`i DcwÕ©wZ ˆbB| AbÅ `yB eGMÆi RjR cÉvYxiv MÉxÓÃgíjxq AçGji AGcÞvK‡Z Dú cvwbGZ Rxebhvcb KGi ‰es ‰G`i gGaÅ KGqKwU evsjvG`Gki DcK„jxq AçGjI ˆ`Lv hvq|

Wjwdb	Qwe : ‰m.ˆK wmbnv

eGãvcmvMGi wZwg ˆ`Lv ˆMGjI evsjvG`Gki mgy`Ëmxgvi gGaÅ Lye ‰KUv ˆ`Lv hvq bv| ZGe `wÞYvçGji DcK„Gj ˆRvqvGii UvGb ˆek KGqKevi wZwg ‰Gm A͸ cvwbGZ AvUGK covi NUbv NGUGQ|  cÉvµ¦Z^Å Abyhvqx ‰fvGe meÆcÉ^g wZwg AvUGK covi NUbv NGUwQj PëMÉvGgi KvGQ 1842 mvGji 15 ˆmG¶ŸÁ¼i| ZLb ‰B wZwgwUGK Balaenoptera indica eGj kbvî× Kiv nGqwQj| ‰i ‰K kZvõx ci 1943 mvj ˆ^GK ÷i‚ KGi wesk kZvõxi ˆkl chƯ¦ mgGq `wÞYvçGji DcK„jeZÆx «¼xcmgƒGni, weGkl KGi KzZzew`qv, m±«¼xc I gGnkLvwji DcK„Gj wZwg AvUGK covi KGqKwU NUbv NGU| ‰me AvUGK cov wZwg evsjvG`Gki mgy`Ëmxgvi wfZi ‰Gm Lvivc AvenvIqvi mgq ˆXDGqi avØvq DcK„Gj AvQGo cGo eGj aviYv Kiv nq| ‰B wZwgG`i Megaptera novaeangliae bvGg kbvî× Kiv nGqGQ|

evsjvG`Gk Þz`Ë Cetacean-G`i ˆek KGqKwU cÉRvwZ iGqGQ| ‰G`i gGaÅ ‰KwU Õ¼v`ycvwb AçGj ‰es AbÅiv b`xi LvwoGZ ev mgyG`Ë wePiY KGi| b`xi Õ¼v`ycvwbGZ emevmKvix WjwdbwU Platanista gangetica, Avi AbÅàwj BivewZ Wjwdb Orcaella brevirostris, wdbGjm ccÆGqm Neophocaena phocaenoides, kUÆ exKW Kgb Wjwdb Delphinus delphis, BG±`v-cÅvwmwdK nvÁceÅvKW Wjwdb Sousa chinensis, ‰es eUjGbvR Wjwdb Tursiops trunkatus eGj kbvî× Kiv nGqGQ| BivewZ Wjwdb, wdbGjm ccÆGqm ‰es nvÁceÅvKW Wjwdb DcK„jxq evwm±`v nGjI gvGS gvGS LvG`Åi m®¬vGb b`xi ˆgvnbv ˆ^GK DRvGb b`xGZ DGV AvGm|

Sirenia eGMÆi ˆKvb cÉvYx evsjvG`Gk AvGQ eGj wbfÆiGhvMÅ Z^Å cvIqv hvq bv| ZGe 1908 mvGj cÉKvwkZ PëMÉvGgi ˆRjv ˆMGRwUqvGi ‰B gGgÆ DGÍÏL AvGQ ˆh, 1888 mvGji w`GK gGnkLvjx «¼xGci KvGQ ‰Kevi WzMs aiv cGowQj ‰es cieZÆx mgGq gvZvgyüix b`xi ˆgvnbvqI KGqKevi ‰ cÉvYx ˆ`Lv ˆMGQ| 1976 mvGj KÝevRvGii wbKUeZÆx gGnkLvjx PÅvGbGj ‰KwU mvgyw`ËK cÉvYxi g†ZzÅi wewf®² Z^Å ˆ^GK cÉZxqgvb nq ˆh, gGnkLvjx PÅvGbj I AvGkcvGki DcK„jxq AçGj WzMs nqZev ^vKGZI cvGi|

gvsmvkx eGMÆi AvGiKwU cÉvYxi bvg ˆfuv`o ev D`weovj| ˆfuv`o Mustelidae eGMÆi A¯¦MÆZ| ‰iv cvwb ˆ^GK Lv`Å msMÉn KGi ‰es w`Gbi AwaKvsk mgq kwî×kvjx cv ‰es ˆjGRi mvnvGhÅ cvwbGZ muvZvi ˆKGU KvUvq| evsjvG`Gk wZb cÉRvwZi ˆfuv`o iGqGQ|  ‰iv nGPQ, ‰wkqvb ÕÃj-KÑW AUvi (Asian Small-clawed Otter, Aonyx cinerea), BDGiwkqvb AUvi (Eurasian Otter, Lutra lutra) ‰es ÕÃy^-GKvGUW AUvi (Smooth Coated Otter, Lutra perspicillata)|

÷÷KGK gvGQi cÉvcÅZvi eÅvcvGi gvbyGli cÉwZGhvMx gGb nGZ cvGi| A^P RjvkGqi Drcv`b e†w«¬GZ ‰es grmÅmÁcG`i eÅeÕ©vcbvq ‰G`i Ae`vGbi Zzjbvq gvQ ˆLGq ˆh ÞwZ KGi eGj aviYv Kiv nq, Zv AwZ bMYÅ| D`vniYÕ¼i…c, ÷÷K PjvGdivq ‰es Lv`Å msMÉGni mgq ˆh ˆNvovi gGZv KGi gv^v I ˆjR DcGi wbGP `ywjGq ‰es cvk¼Æ-muvZvGii mgq ev b`xi ZjG`k ˆ^GK Lv`Å msMÉn Kivi mgq cvwbGZ `Ëexf„Z wewf®² MÅvm I cywÓ¡ Dcv`vb wgwkÉZ KGi ‰es b`xi ZjG`k ‘PGl’, ‘gB’ w`Gq ˆmLvGb Ave«¬ welvî× MÅvm `ƒi KGi b`xi cvwbi ‰es b`xi ZjG`Gki Drcv`b kwî× e†w«¬ KGi|

gvbyGli Avi ÷÷GKi kvixiÕ©vb I kvixie†î  welqK (anatomical and physiological) weGklGZ½i gGaÅ wbKU mÁcKÆ ^vKvq k¼mb I n…`GivM msò×v¯¦ wewf®² MGelYvq ÷÷K I AbÅvbÅ Wjwdb mÁcwKÆZ ævb hG^Ó¡ KvGR AvGm|

wewf®² Wjwdb ˆgwib cvGKÆ (marine park) ˆiGL MGelYv, wkÞv I weGbv`Gbi DGóGkÅ eÅenvi Kiv PGj| ‰G`i Õ¼vfvweK wePiYmxgvi gGaÅ Dchyî× Õ©vGb BGKv-UzÅwiRg (eco-tourism)-‰i DG`ÅvM wbGj ˆ`Gki chÆUb wkG͸ cwieZÆb Avbv mÁ¿e| ‰Qvov cÉwkÞYcÉvµ¦ ˆfuv`Goi mvnvGhÅ gvQ aiv ‰K DcGfvMÅ `†kÅ| Dchyî×fvGe msMwVZ Kiv nGj cÉwkwÞZ ˆfuv`o ˆ`Gki chÆUb wk͸ D®²qGb hG^Ó¡ f„wgKv ivLGZ cvGi| 

[‰.ˆK.‰g Avwgbyj nK]